Hydroaero-machine



c. A. MARSH v HYDROAERO MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 0CT.27, I917.

Patented Apr. 13, 1920.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

C. A. MARSH.

HYDROAERO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-27; 1911.

Patented Apr. 13, 1920.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

IN VE/V TOR A TTOR/VE Y C. A. MARSH. HYDROAERO MACHiNE. APPLICATION FILED 0CT.27..19I'7.

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A NORA/EV UNITED STATES CHESTER A. MARSH, OF BAY CITY, MICHIGAN.

HYDROAERO-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 13, 1920.

Application filed October 27. 1917. Serial No. 198.803.

To all "whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHESTER A. MARSH, a citizen of the United States of America, residin at Bay City, in the county of Bay and i.) ate of Michigan, have invented cer- 'a new and useful Improvements in Hy droaero-Itlachines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to hydroaero machines and the like, one object of which is to produce a machine which will operate with equal efiiciency on water as well as on land.

Another object resides in. the provision of a tube, or torpedo carrying means, from v which means the torpedo can be discharged by suitable apparatus while the machine operating on the water.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a hydro-aero machine of the above character which may plane upon the water at a high rate of speed, and which will be buoyant thereon, the wings or planes being supported by improved auxiliary floats or pontoons, one end of said pontoons be ing hinged 'to the lower plane the other end I being free to move up and. down with the motion of the waves.

With the above and other objects in'view, the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims,

,it being understood that changes may be made in the form, size and minor details without departing from the spirit, or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In thedrawings- Figure 1 is a plan of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a cross section of the hull;

Fig. 3 is a top plan of the auxiliary pon-' toon, a portion of the top thereof being broken away;

Fig. i is a side view of the part shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is aside elevation of themachine, the dotted lines forward showing the ground wheels swung upward into folded position;

Fig. 6 is a detail of the controlling mechanism;

Fig. '7 is a detail of the control mechanism in end elevation;

Fig. 8 is a rear view of the elevators showthe bracing Fig. 9 1s a detail section on the line 99 of Fig. 6 showing the parts on a larger in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a rear view of the parts appearmg In Fig. 15, the dotted lines showing dif- 'ferent adjusted positions of the elevating planes;

Fig. 18 is a view similar to Fig. 17 with the bracing attached; and

Fig. 19 is a section taken on the line 19-19 of Fig. 5..

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indi cated in the several views by like reference characters.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the invention as shown, comprises a hull 8 and three different planes, or wings, designated by the numerals 2, 3, and 4, spaced outwardly therefrom and at a slight upward angle, and also spaced one below the other, and slightly in the rear of each other.

These planes are made of any suitable light material which can be stamped out by' machine. The entire machine can thus be made in different places and the difierent parts shipped. to a central station to be as sembled. v

The hull of the machine is also built of metal parts which can be stamped out, and comprises two shells with a hollow compartment between, the intervening space a being filled with ground cork for the purpose of buoyancy, as also to fill any holes that ma be shot in the hull, and thus prevent floo in when the machine is on thewater.

he machine is provided with suitable driving means consisting of two engines designated by the numerals 8 and 9, and which are supported intermediate the upper and lower planes 2 and 4- by means of metal struts 70, and the usual bracing wires 13, the propellers 17 being connected directly to the engines,'and being controlled by the operator in any suitable manner, as they do not constitute any part of the present invention.

The body, or hull, of the boat is'braced in a suitable manner to enable it to operate in very rough weather on the water, and contains at its forward end the cock-pit 5 in which can be seated a machine gun operator who has an unobstructed view in front of the machine. Immediately in the rear of the top plane 2 is another cock-pit 6 in which is seated the machine operator, and in which can also be seated another machine gun operator, who will have a clear view of the rear of the machine.

The body of the hull tapers downwardly at its front end and extends rearwardly to the elevating rudders which consist of forward stationary parts 9 and rear adjustable parts 9. The rear parts. or members 9, are secured to a shaft 37 so they can be lowered or raised, or tilted, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, being held to the shaft 37 by means of "the clamps 60 and 61, the shaft 37 being flat at the points where the clamps engage it.

To allow the shaft 37 to be raised and lowcred, a universal joint 57 is employed andwhen the tube 36 is pushed rearwardly the rod 55 which is connected to the members 56 and 58 forces the shaft 37 downwardly, as shown in Fig. 16, or if the operator turns the wheel 27, the shaft 37 will turn by virtue of the chain connection 71 of the sprockets 41 and 43 thus causing the members 9 to tilt as shown and as required in banking the machine.

The sides of the body 8 are open from the stufling box 62 back to the rear of the body to allow for these movements. the guide member 7 being stationary and being provided with the slot 6 to allow for movement of the shaft 37, the bracing for the elevators 9 designated as 59 being also attached to the squared end of the shaft- 37, this bracing is not shown on Figs. 16 and 17.

To facilitate the breaking away of the machine from the water when rising in flight, the bottom is made flat. as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and side stabilizing fins 15 are hinged at the point 16, these fins being adapted to be raised and lowered by means of suitable levers to keep down flying spray. and when lowered tending to throw the boat out of the water, when it is desired to rise in flight.

To further aid in the balancing of the machine while in the water. small auxiliary ontoons or floats 18 are provided. oats are hollow and are also filled with These ground cork and are swingingly hinged at their forward ends, the rear ends having a certain length of cable attached to the lower plane and to the member 18", this length enabling them to rise and fall With the motion of the waves, and when rising in the air they can be drawn up close to the plane if necessary, by any suitable winding means or levers. It will, therefore, be apparent that it is impossible for the machine to list sidewise which might happen with a large wing or plane expanse and a small hull.

It is preferred to locate the engines in the space shown, thus giving the operator a clear and unobstructed view, and in these positions the engines, radiators, and fuel tanks can be built together and incased in any suitable manner.

It will also be noted that a tube 19 is provided for carrying torpedoes. This tube is located directly in the horizontal center of the machine, so that the torpedo, when in position, will be directly in the center of gravity of the machine. I am aware that there are numerous different ways that torpedoes are discharged from machines, and I therefore do not show any preferred method for accomplishing this.

When it is desired to rise from the water, the operator tilts the hinged fin members 15 by means of the lever 20 connected by the rod 21 with the bell crank lever 22. this bell .crank lever being pivoted on the stud shaft shaft member being provided with a slot or keyway 30 adapted to engage a key 29 set in the tube member 26. said tube member 26 having intermediate its length a circular groove 31 in which are adapted to operate the two set screws 32 set in the slot 33 and having a check nut on the inner side of the side member 34 to hold them firmly in place. this member 34 being in turn pivoted to the hull at the point 35, the lower end of the member 34 being attached to the tube member 36 in a similar manner.

This member 36 is also slidable on the member 37 which leads to and operates the elevators. but is not equipped with the slot and keyway. it will therefore be obvious that the tube member 36 and the shaft member 37 have relative independent rotary and. longitudinal movements.

When the operator pushes forwardly on the wheel member 27, the tube member 36 to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 0,

is forced rearwardly on the shaft 37 which of course forces the elevators 9 downwardly. Securely set on the shaft member 2b are the members and l0, which connect with the members 39 and i0, and these in turn to the squared shafts which are held in place by the retainers 45, extending to and connecting with the bell crank levers 46 which are pivoted to the machine, the other end of the bell crank levers attaching to the raising rods 1'9 which are fastened to the ailerons designated as a, 71, c, 1/, etc., there being four in the end of each of the two upper planes.

c nion practice and is desirable operate ne ailerons simultaneously with the elevators, that is, the ailerons on the side of the plane being up are down on the other and the ng twisted to suit, as shown in t 1 lines in Fig. 8, and it. will be obvious not when the shaft 45 is forced outwardly on one side it is drawn inwardly on the other.

Also securely keyed to the wheel shaft 28 is the sprocket 41 which is connected by suitable chain (1 to the sprocket 43 securely keyed to the shaft member 37, in order that motion will be imparted to both shafts at the same time.

As is clearly shown, the planes are constructcd of suitable light metal riveted together and having on their lower side, the hollow beam member 50 which is consequently oflight weight. The members constituting the metal studs extend from plane to plane and are solid, as shown.

lVhen it is desired to alight on theland, the operator swing-s the wheel members 52 the brace 53 resting against the stationary fin member, as shown, the wheel being swungxto the other position in any convenient manner or way.

It will, therefore, be obvious that I have perfected a simple and efficient machine which will operate on land as well as on the water. and which can be made so that it can alight on land as easily as on the water without radical changes being made, such changes being made by the operator while in the air.

vi li-at is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the character specified, thev combination of a shaft comprising p01- tions coupled by means of a universal joint, means for imparting a rotary movement to the shaft, a vertically disposed guide re ceiving' the rear end of the pivoted portion of the shaft, a member slidable on the forward portion of the shaft, connecting means between such member and the rear ,pivoted portion ofthe shaft, and planes connected with the pivoted portion of the shaft and extending laterally therefrom in opposite directions and adjustable therewith.

tied. the combination of a shaft comprising front and rear portions connected by means of a universal joint, planes located at opposite sides of the machine and each including a forward stationary part and a rear movable part, the movable parts of both planes being connected to the rear portion of the shaft, a member slidable upon the forward portion of the means between such member and the rear pivoted portion of the shaft, a second shaft, connecting means between the two shafts to transmit rotary movement from one to the other, a member splined to the second shaft and having connection with the member slid-able on the forward portion of the first mentioned shaft, and means connected to the member mounted upon said second shaft to impart independent longitudinal and rotary movement thereto.

3. In a machine of the character specilied, the combination of a shaft'comprising front and rear portions connected by means of a universal joint, planes located at opposite sides of the machine and each including a forward stationary part and a rear movable part, the movable parts of both planes being attached to the rear portion of the shaft, a member slidable upon the forward portion of the shaft and having connection with the rear pivoted portion of such shaft, a second shaft. connecting means between the two shafts for transmitting rotary movement from one to the other, a sleeve splined upon the second shaft, a lever connecting said sleeve with the member slidable on the first mentioned shaft, and means connected to the sleeve to impart independent rotary and longitudinal movement thereto.

A machine of the character specified, embodying lifting planes, ailerons, a. jointed shaft comprising front and rear portions, planes connected to the rear portion of the jointed shaft and extending laterally therefrom in opposite directions, a member slidably mounted upon the second portion of the jointed shaft and having connection with the rear portion of such shaft, a second shaft connected with the first shaft, connecting means between said second shaft and the ailerons, a sleeve splined on the second shaft and having connection with the member slidable on the first mentioned shaft. and means for imparting independent longitudinal and rotary movement to the member mounted upon said second shaft.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHESTER A. MARSH.

In a machine of the character specishaft, connecting- 

